Shapper.



G. H. KNIGHT.

SHAPER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16, I917.

" Patented Dec. 17, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET I.

G. H. KNIGHT.

SHAPER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE I6. I917.

Patented Dec. 17, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET).

msq a KNIGHTL SHAPER.

APPLlCATlON FILED JUNE 16, 1911.

Patented Dec. 17, 1918.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

G. H. KNIGHT.

SHAPER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16'; 1917.

1,288,036. Patented Dec. 17, 1918.

5 SHEE-TSSHEET 4.

G. H. KNIGHT.

. .SHAPER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 16. 1917.

ma mas;

:1 ans 1 canton GEORGE H. KNIGHT, OF TORBINGTON, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE HENDEY MACHINE C0,, OF TORRING'ION, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION.

SHAPElR.

rassose- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 117, i918.

Application filed June 16, 1917. Serial No. 175,176.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonen H. KNIGHT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Torrington, in the county of Litchfield and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Shapers; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, and the characters of reference markedthereon',-"to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitutepart of this application, and represent, 1n-

F igure 1 a view in frontelevation of a shaper constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 a view thereof in side elevation. j

Fig. 3 a broken viewin side elevation, on

an enlargedscale, of the cross-head, show- Fig. 4 a corresponding view with some of T the outermost partsremoved and with the housing 1n section.

Fig. 5 a plan view of the same parts.

- Fig.. 6 a view of the same parts in horizontalsection on the line 66 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 a detached perspective view of the cross-feed regulating dial.

Fig. 8 a broken view in side elevation of the vise as mounted upon the work-table.

Fig. 9 avview thereof-in horizontal section on the line 1313 of Fig. 12.

My invention relates to an improvement in metal-working machines, and more particularly to the class thereof commonly known as shapers,.the object being to produce a compact, reliable and efficient machine constructed with especial reference to installing a cross-feed mechanism, a crossfeed controlling mechanism, and a cross-feed regulating mechanism upon the end of the cross-head so as to be readily accessible for operation, and so organized that the raising and lowering of the cross-head does not effect the amount of feed or the indication I of the feed.

as will be hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

My improvements, as herein shown, are

incorporated in a shaper having a frame 14 and a work-table 15 secured to a saddle 15 sliding upon a cross-head 16 vertically adjustable by means of an elevating screw 17, upon flanges 18 formed integral with the frame 14. A reciprocating ram 19 sliding in ways in the top of the frame 14, is controlled in being stopped and started by a ram-controlling lever 20. At its forward end, the ram 19 mounts a swivel-head-21 carrying a tool-feed slide '22 furnished with an-apron 23 mounting a pivotal tool-block 24 provided with a tool-post 25 in which a cutting-tool 26, whateverits character may be, is secured. The parts above specified are character stic 'of the class of metal-work ing machines known as shapers.

With reference now to my invention, I will first describe my improved cross-feed mechanism, which is the mechanism employed to move the table 15, with the work superimposed upon it, under the cutting tool 26 in either direction at the desired rate of speed, this movement being at aright angle to the movement of the ram 19 carrying the cutter 26.

A driving-shaft 27 driven from a convenient source of power, carries upon its projecting outer end a gear 2Srmeshing into a gear 29 mounted on a stud 30 in an arm 31 which swings about the center of the driving-shaft 27. The gear 29 carries a crank- .pin 32 receiving a pitman 33 the forward end of which receives a pin 34 (Fig. 4) projecting from the inner face of a feed-rocker 35 turning loosely on a sleeve 36 loosely mounted upon a long shouldered rocking stud 37 {Fig 6) mounted in the cross-head 16 so as to have limited rocking movement therein. A shouldered pin 38 projecting from the forward face of the said, feedrocker 35 mounts a driving pawl 39 which impartsstep-by-step rotation to a ratchetwheel 40 keyed to the shouldered outer end of the sleeve 36. The speed of the crossfeed of the table 14 depends upon the length of this step-by-step rotation of the ratchetwheel as will presently appear. 4

The nose of the said pawl is forced into engagement with the ratchet-wheel teeth, by a helical spring 41 set into a socket 42 applied to the outer face of the feed-rocker 36, the inner end of the said spring engaging with a finger 43 projecting fronrthe 2 7 Leas es Tend of the pawl. Thepawl carries a pin 44 co-acting with a segmental flange i5 extending through an opening l6 in the gearcovers], from the edge of the inner face of a cross-feed regulating-dial l8 loosely mounted on the-shouldered outer end of the rocking-stud 37'on which it is retained by a nut -19 and a. washer 50. The said dial is provided upon its bevel periphery 51, with a scale the graduations of which are read in conjunction with a reference mark 52 on a friction-disk 53 secured by a key 54 to the stud 37 and interposed between the said dial and the forward end of the sleeve 36.

i A friction-ring 55 pressed against the outer face of the disk by means of helical springs 56 set into recesses 57 in the inner face of the dial, normally couples the dial to the stud so that it participates in the rocking movement thereof.

The dial flange 45 aforesaid, is formed at one end with a bevel 58 which co-acts with the ratchet-wheel.

the pin it in the pawl 39 to control the engagement of the pawl with the teeth of the rathhebwheel The said bevel also co-acts with the pin 4% to lift the nose of the pawl out of engagement with the teeth of Since the arc through which the pawl is moved by the feed-rocker never varies inlength and since the position of the bevel 38 with respect to the pin ll in the pawl is determined by the dial 48, the step-by-step movement of the ratchetwheel may be increased or decreased as desired,.by turning the dial in one direction or the other so as to shift the location of its flange l5 and bevel 58 with respect to the arc in which the pawl moves, the number of ratchet-teeth taken up by the pawl in its idle movement depending upon the position of the bevel in the arc. The feed of the work-table 15 responds to the step-by-step V movement of the ratchet-wheel L0.

The sleeve 36 to which the ratchet-wheel 40 is secured by a key 59, is formed near its inner end with an annular flange 60 having an annular. shoulder 61 centering a main cross-feed driving-gear 62 frictionally-coupled with the said sleeve 36 by mean-s of which it .is driven. For the purpose of this friction-coupling, the web of the said gear pinched between two friction-rings-Gl and G5, the former being interposed between the outer face ofthe web and the flange 60 and the latter being interposed between. the rear face of the web and. a friction disk 66 loosely mounted upon the extreme inner endv of the sleeve 36. and coupled for rotation with the flange 60 by means of screws 67,

the frictional effect of the said rings 64% and gear 62 with the sleeve 36, I provide a yielding drive, preventing breakage in case of obstruction.

The said driving-gear 62v meshes into a right-hand feed-pinion 70 (Fig. 6) loosely mounted ,upon the cross-feed screw 71 which is journaled in the cross-head 16. The said pinion 70 is formed upon its outer face with face-teeth 72 adapted to co-act with corresponding teeth -73 upon the inner end of a clutch Tl slidably mounted upon the feed-screw 71 but held against rotation thereupon by means of keys 75. The outer end of the said clutch is formed with faceteeth '76 adapted to co-act with corresponding face-teeth'77 formed upon the inner face of a left hand feed-pinion 78 also loosely mounted upon the feed-screw 71. The said pinion 78' meshes into an intermediate pinion 7 9 upon the forward'end of a sleeve 80 the inner end of which carries an intermediate pinion Sh meshing into the main driv- 78, the collar 'beingheld in place by a set screw 86. As shown, the projecting forward end of the feed-screw 71 1s furnished with the customary Index collars 87 and 88 for the fine manual adjustment of the work-- table 15, the forward end of the screwbeing squared as at 89 for the application of a handle as may be required.

The sliding-clutch 74 is shifted into its neutral and driving positions, by means of a pin 90 entering its circumferential groove 91 and'depending from the forward end of a horizontal clutch-controlling lever 92' (Fig. l) hung upon a stud 93 and having its rear end formed with a fork 94: for the reception of a crank-pin 95 in a dish 96 upon the lower end of a short stem 97 to the projecting upper end of which the cross-feed controlh'andle 98 is secured the said stem being mounted in a bearing-plate 99 secured by screws 100 to the gear-cover 47. A small helical spring 101 and a plunger 10'2 mounted in the plate 99, cooperate with three notches 103 in the upper face of the disk 96 in holding the sliding-clutch Min its three positions, 1'. 6., its left and right hand feed positions and in its neutral position. 7

In order to maintain. at all times a fixed distance between thecenter of the stud 30 (Fig. 2) on which the gear 29 turns and the center of the rocking-stud 37 (F ig.- 5) ,I employ as has heretofore been customary, a radius rod 103 which, underniy present invention, is secured by a pin 10-it (Fig. 6) to the stud 37 and the-same adapted to have rocking movement as already described, so that when the cross-head 16 is vertically adjusted by the elevating-screw 17 for raising or lowering the work-table 14, the rocking or feed-stud 37 will berotated in one di rection or the other commensurate with the extent to which the cross-head is raised or lowered. Inasmuch as the cross-feed regulating dial 48 is friotionally coupled with the stud 37, it will participate in the rocking movement thereof, so that its segmental flange 45 and the bevel 58 thereof will be shifted in position exactly to the same extent that the pawl 39 is shifted in position by the shifting of the position of the feedrocker 35 due to shifting the position of the pitman 33 consequent upon raising or lowering the cross-head 16, all of these movements being simultaneous and to the same extent. The stroke or lineal movement of the pitman or arm 33 is not changed by the vertical adjustment of the work-table 15, for the reasonthat the crank'pin 32 always revolves in the same circle The relative positions of these parts, therefore, remain the same although the pitman 33 and the radius rod 103 are changed in inclination. By my improved construction, therefore, I am enabled to raise and lower the cross-head as desired, without changing the rate of feed -or altering the indication thereof, since the friction-disk 53 carrying the reference mark 52 turns with the stud 37 to which it is keyed and so remains unchanged in its relation to the dial 48, whereas in the shapers of the prior art, the raising and lowering of the -cross-head changed the rate of feed, but left the indication of-the rate of feed unchanged and therefore misleading. A, user ofthe shapers of the prior art, is obliged to readjust the cross-feed mechanism every time he changes the position of the cross-head.

In the operation of my improved crossfeed regulating mechanism, its dial 48 is turned in one direction or the other until the desired amount of feed is indicated to the user of the shaper by the reference mark 52. The effect of turning the knob 48 is to change the position of the segmental flange 45, and hence the position of the bevel 58 thereof with respect to the arc of movement of the pawl 39, this are being constant in length. The adjustment of the dial 48, therefore. varies the apportionment of the entire travel of the pawl between idle-and driving movement. the pawl is that part ofits movement during which its nose is held out of engagement with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 40 by the riding of its pin 44 over the flange 45, while thedriving movement of the pawl is that part of its movement which takes place after its pin has ridden off the bevel 58 of the flange and its nose has engaged with the teeth of the ratchet-wheel 40 for rotating he idle movement of,

'screw 71 in one direction or the other according to the position of the sliding clutch 74, which, when thrown into engagement with the pinion 70, secures the right hand feed of the table 15, while, when the clutch is thrown into engagement with the pinion 78, the left hand feed of the table is secured. hen the clutch is thrown into its neutral position, as shown in Fig. 6, the idle rotation of both gears and 7 8 results, the feed-screw. 71 remaining stationary.

I particularly wish-to. point out that under my invention, the cross-feed control mechanism and the cross-feed regulating mechanism are self-contained mechanisms and are both located each in its entirety, upon the cross-head so that these mechanisms are concentrated, as it were in location, and hence very readily operated by the user "of the shaper who is thus enabled to focusv his attention upon one point of the shaper so far as the control of the worktable and the amount of feed of the worktable is concerned. Heretofore, in reversing the feed of the table, it has been necessary to manipulate parts at separate points. Furthermore, neither the dial 48 nor 'the handle 98 have any movement when'the shaper is vise upon the work-table 15, I form the visebase 184 with a large, integral circular trunnion or bearing 185 having an annular retaining-flange 186 the entire lower face of the said trunnion and flange resting directly upon the flat upper face of 'the table. The vise-base which is turned upon the table as required, is held in place thereon, as shown, by means of a two-part binding-plate, the parts 186 of which are fastened together by screws 187, each of the said parts having a semi-circu1ar undercut recess 188 so that when they are secured together, they embrace the trunnion 185 and fit, down over the flange 186 thereof. The said parts are also formed at opposite points with depending positioning lugs 1S9 entering any one of the T-slots 190 in the upper face of the table 15. The said parts 186 are clamped down upon the upper face of the table by means of bolts 191 entering slots 192 formed in the parts. When the bolts 191 are turned home, they cause the over-hanging upper edges 193 of base against rotation or against movement in any direction. The vise-base is providedwith a fixed jaw 19a formed integral with its base,

and a sliding jaw 195 operated-by a screw 196. A lug 197 depending from the visebase 184,-and having its face in the same plane as the lower face of the circular trunnion 85, bears directly upon the table and provides additional support for the outer end thereof and greatly increases the accuracy of the vise.

,I have used the term control mechanism to broadly design-ate the mechanism employed to start, stop, and reverse the feed, and the term regulating mechanism to broadly designate the mechanism employed to predetermine the amount of feed. The term manual I have used in the ordinary sense in which it is used to distinguish parts intended to be operated directly by hand, from parts intended to be operated by cominunicated power.

The tool-feed mechanism herein shown and described, is not claimed herein but is made the subject of a separate application filed February 4, 1918, Serial No. 215,265;

I claim y a l. v In a shaper, the combination with a vertically adjustable cross-head mounting a work-table, of cross-feed mechanism, operatingmeans supported separate from, but connectedwith the said cross-feed mechanism, cross-feed control mechanism, crossfeed regulating, mechanism, and means whereby the said cross-head may be vertically adjusted without afi'ecting the said cross-feed control and cross-feed regulating mechanisms which are carried entirely by the said cross-head, whereby the control and regulation of the crossfeed is localized thereupon.

2. In ashaper, the combination with a vertically adjustable crosshead mounting a worksta'ble, of cross-feed mechanism, operating means supported separate from, but connected with said cross-feed mechanism, cross-feed control mechanism, cross-feed regulating mechanism, cross-feed indicating mechanism, and means whereby the said cross-head may be vertically adjusted with out affecting the said cross-feed control, cross-feed regulating or cross-feed-indicating mechanisms which are carried entirely by the said cross-head.

3. In a shaper, the combination with a cross-head mounting a work table, of crossfe'ed mechanism, cross-feed control mech anism having a stationary manual for controlling the feed mechanism, a cross-feed regulating mechanism having a stationary Y manual for regulating the amount of cross feed, the said control and regulating mechanisms being entirely carried by the crosshead and the said manuals being at rest except when manually operated.

1. In a shaper, the'combination with a vertically adjustable cross-head mounting a work-table, of cross-feed mechanism carried by the said cross-head, operating means supported separate from, but connected with the said cross-feed mechanism, crossfeed control mechanism. carried by the said crosshead, cross-feed regulating mechanism carried by the said cross-head and moving in unison with the movement of the cross-feed mechanism, and means whereby the said cross-head may be vertically adjusted without affecting the said crossfeed control mechanism or the cross feed regulating mechanism. g c

5. In ashaper, the combination with a vertically adjustable cross-head mounting a work-table, of cross-feed mechanism carried by the said cross-head, operating means supported separate from, but connected with the said cross-feed mechanism, cross-feedscontroll mechanism, carried by the said crosslread, cross-feed regulating mechanism earried by the sald cross-head, cross-feed indicating mechanism, the said cross-feed regulating'and cross-feed indicating mechanismsmoving in unison with the movement of the cross-feed mechanism, and means whereby the said cross-head may be vertically adusted without affecting th'e'said cross-feed control, cross-feed regulating, 0r cross-feed .nisms, all of which are entirely carried by thesaid cross-head whereby the cross-feed is wholly cont-rolled, regulated and indicated by mechanisms localized thereupon.

7. In a shaper, the combination with the frame thereof, of a ram, 3 work-table, a vertically movable cross-head mounting the sameaeross-feed mechanism mounted in the cross-head for feeding the table, including a rocking -.stud, a feed rocker, a crank for oscillating the said rocker, and a radius rod connected with the said stud for rocking the same when the cross-head is raised and low ered; and a cross-feed regulating mechanism for regulating the amount of feed, including a manual mounted upon the said stud, turning therewith as the same is rocked by the radius-rod, and adapted to beset. for changing the rate of feed.

8. In a shaper, the combination with the frame thereof, of a ram, a work-table, a V81- tically adjustable cross-head mounting the same, a cross-feed mechanism mounted in the cross-head for feeding the table, including a rocking-stud, a radius rod connected therewith and rocking the same when the crosshead is raised and lowered, and a feedrocker.

9. In a shaper, the combination with the frame thereof, of a ram, a work-table, a verticall movable crosshead mounting the same. cross-feed mechanism mounted in the cross-head for feeding the table, including a rocking-stud. a radius rod for rocking the stud when the cross-head is raised and lowered, a teed-rocker oscillating upon the center of the stud, a pawl carried by the said feed-rocker; and a ratchet-wheel engaged by the pawl; and a cross-feed regulating mechanism for regulating the amount/of feed, the said mechanism including a friction-disk turning with the said stud, a dial mounted upon the stud and frictionally connected with the said disk, one of the two last mentioned parts having graduations, and the other a reference marln'and a segmental cam carried by the dial in position to co-act with the said pawl for predetermining the extent to which the said ratchet-wheel is driven by the said pawl.

10. In a shaper', the combination with a cross-head mounting a work table, of a crossfeed mechanism, a cross-feed control mechanism, a cross-feed regulating mechanism, an indicating mechanism, and a housing ap plied to the said cross head for substantially housing the said control, regulating and indicating mechanisms all of which are ent-ire ly organized. upon the said cross-head and the manuals of which are exposed upon the outside of the housing and at rest during the operation of the machine.

In testimony whereof, I have signed-this specification 111 the presence-of two subscribing witnesses.

GEO. H. KNIGHT.

Witnesses:

JOHN JACK,

F. W. FUssEMn-I. 

